Green Building
The definition of “Green” varies between people, businesses, and organizations, depending on their point of view and reasons for adopting green practices. The statement, “Going Green” usually refers to environmental friendly ways to conserve energy, recycle, and reduce consumption of natural resources. Using Green building methods refers to using recycled materials, designing for energy efficiency, and the conservation minded operations of the building after construction.
There are many ways to build or operate under green guidelines. The Uniform Building Code includes specific energy efficiency guidelines that are update every three years. California has a special section of the code called, Title 24, which specifically address insulation, air conditioning, and electrical efficiency items in order for a building permit to be issued.
Most cities have adopted ordinances that require some measure of green building practice. These ordinances usually refer to a LEED certification, or following the guidelines of the LEED program. LEED stands for “Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design.” developed by the U.S. Green Building Council. The certification process follows approved guidelines and certifications to achieve a rating:
· Certified 32–39 points
· Silver 40–47 points
· Gold 48–63 points
· Platinum 64–85 points
The LEED certification process required compliance in the following areas:
1. Site Design
a. Exterior and landscaping design that reduce the environmental impact.
b. Pest control management that rduces the amount of chemicals used.
c. Erosion control practices that reduce loss of soil during stormwater runoff.
d. Open space restoration to maintain the natural environment.
e. Stormwater management to prevent runoff.
f. Light pollution reduction by using dark sky lighting.
g. Alternative transportation for employees.
h. Provide shade methods such as trees and arbors to reduce heat affects.
i. Provide roofing materials that will reduce energy consumption.
2. Water Efficiency
a. Plumbing fixture efficiency to reduce consumption.
b. Water usage plans to conserve supply and waste.
c. Landscape watering efficiency to reduce consumption through plant selection.
d. Hardscape design to minimize affect on the environment.
e. Cooling system water management for larger buildings with cooling towers.
f. Use water recycling systems to conserve gray water for use in landscaping.
3. Energy Usage
a. Energy management practices to reduce consumption and waste.
b. Refrigerant management to reduce use of CFC based refrigerants.
c. Building commissioning to ensure proper startup and compliance.
d. Performance measurement to ensure compliance using enhanced metering.
e. Renewable energy sources such as solar to provide power.
f. Emissions reduction planning and tracking.
4. Materials
a. Sustainable purchasing to reduce waste and encourage recycling.
b. Construction debris management including asbestos removal.
b. Solid waste management to encourage recycling.
c. Document absenteeism and health care cost impacts.
5. Indoor Air Quality
a. Outdoor air intake to reduce Sick Building Syndrome, mold and fungus issues.
b. Exhaust systems that reduce harmful emissions.
c. Management practices to continually monitor indoor air quality.
d. Occupant comfort levels maintained with a reduction in refrigerant usage.
e. Pest control methods that promote a safe alternative to chemicals.
f. Green cleaning by using environmentally friendly chemicals, equipment, and methods.
g. Increase daylight view to reduce lighting and increase productivity.
6. Operations
a. Innovations in operations or any new energy saving processes or plans.
b. Certify a LEED representative within the organization.
c. LEEDs documentation performed annually.
The construction, operation, and management of a building can follow environmentally friendly practices, and then documented for a full certification and legal recognition of the status. The actual certification process enlists third party consultants to verify and document, then apply for the award through the US Green Building Council. Most cities do not require the actual certification in order to accept compliance.
In summary, following these guidelines can lead to a building that is a benefit to the community and help reduce the long term affects of operations. Going green can be a good thing for everyone.
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